In criminal law, “actus reus” refers to the physical act or conduct that constitutes a crime. It is a Latin term that translates to “guilty act.” Actus reus focuses on the external elements of a crime, such as the actions, behaviours, or omissions that are prohibited by law.

Actus reus can take various forms, depending on the specific offence. It may involve actions such as theft, assault, or murder, or failures to act, such as failing to provide necessary care or assistance in situations where there is a legal duty to do so.

For actus reus to be present, the actions or omissions must be voluntary and deliberate, meaning that the person had control over their behaviour and chose to engage in the prohibited conduct. Additionally, certain offences may require specific circumstances or consequences to be satisfied for actus reus to be established. If the Crown cannot establish the actus reus of an offence, an accused will be acquitted of the charge.

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